Course Number: BUSI 1301 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: This course provides a survey of economic systems, forms of business ownership, and considerations for running a business. Students will learn various aspects of business, management, and leadership functions; organizational considerations; and decision-making processes. Financial topics are introduced, including accounting, money and banking, and securities markets. Also included are discussions of business challenges in the legal and regulatory environment, business ethics, social responsibility, and international business. Emphasized is the dynamic role of business in everyday life. (3 Lec.)
Coordinating Board Academic Approval Number 5201015104
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Business Principles
This is a Texas Common Course Number.Course Description: This course provides a survey of economic systems, forms of business ownership, and considerations for running a business. Students will learn various aspects of business, management, and leadership functions; organizational considerations; and decision-making processes. Financial topics are introduced, including accounting, money and banking, and securities markets. Also included are discussions of business challenges in the legal and regulatory environment, business ethics, social responsibility, and international business. Emphasized is the dynamic role of business in everyday life. (3 Lec.)
Coordinating Board Academic Approval Number 5201015104
Course Number: BUSI 1307 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: Personal and family accounts, budgets and budgetary control, bank accounts, charge accounts, borrowing, investing, insurance, standards of living, renting or home ownership, and wills and trust plans. NOTE: This course is not part of the business field of study and may not transfer toward a degree in business. (3 Lec.)
Coordinating Board Academic Approval Number 1904015109
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Personal Finance
This is a Texas Common Course Number.Course Description: Personal and family accounts, budgets and budgetary control, bank accounts, charge accounts, borrowing, investing, insurance, standards of living, renting or home ownership, and wills and trust plans. NOTE: This course is not part of the business field of study and may not transfer toward a degree in business. (3 Lec.)
Coordinating Board Academic Approval Number 1904015109
Course Number: BUSI 2301 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: High school coursework in U.S. history and government, or equivalent.
Course Description: The course provides the student with foundational information about the U.S. legal system and dispute resolution, and their impact on business. The major content areas will include general principles of law, the relationship of business and the U.S. Constitution, state and federal legal systems, the relationship between law and ethics, contracts, sales, torts, agency law, intellectual property, and business law in the global context. (3 Lec.)
Coordinating Board Academic Approval Number 2201015124
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Business Law
This is a Texas Common Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: High school coursework in U.S. history and government, or equivalent.
Course Description: The course provides the student with foundational information about the U.S. legal system and dispute resolution, and their impact on business. The major content areas will include general principles of law, the relationship of business and the U.S. Constitution, state and federal legal systems, the relationship between law and ethics, contracts, sales, torts, agency law, intellectual property, and business law in the global context. (3 Lec.)
Coordinating Board Academic Approval Number 2201015124
Course Number: BUSI 2305 (3 Credit Hours) New course added April 1, 2019
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite: MATH 1324 or MATH 1314; BCIS 1305 or 1405.
Course Description: Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques for business and economic decision-making. Topics include the collection, description, analysis, and summarization of data; probability; discrete and continuous random variables; the binomial and normal distributions; sampling distributions; tests of hypotheses; estimation and confidence intervals; linear regression; and correlation analysis. Statistical software is used to analyze data throughout the course. (3 Lec.)
Coordinating Board Academic Approval Number 5213025104
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Business Statistics
This is a Texas Common Course Number.Prerequisite: MATH 1324 or MATH 1314; BCIS 1305 or 1405.
Course Description: Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques for business and economic decision-making. Topics include the collection, description, analysis, and summarization of data; probability; discrete and continuous random variables; the binomial and normal distributions; sampling distributions; tests of hypotheses; estimation and confidence intervals; linear regression; and correlation analysis. Statistical software is used to analyze data throughout the course. (3 Lec.)
Coordinating Board Academic Approval Number 5213025104
Course Number: POFI 1104 (1 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: Computer application specific software. Emphasizes the concurrent development of office skills and computer knowledge. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (1 Lec.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Computer Fundamentals
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Computer application specific software. Emphasizes the concurrent development of office skills and computer knowledge. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (1 Lec.)
Course Number: POFI 1204 (2 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, CVC, RLC
Course Description: Computer application specific software. Emphasizes the concurrent development of office skills and computer knowledge. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (1 Lec., 2 Lab.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, CVC, RLC
Course Title: Computer Fundamentals
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Computer application specific software. Emphasizes the concurrent development of office skills and computer knowledge. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (1 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 1301 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Keyboarding Proficiency.
Course Description: Overview of computer office applications including current terminology and technology. Introduction to computer hardware, software applications, and procedures. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Computer Applications I
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Keyboarding Proficiency.
Course Description: Overview of computer office applications including current terminology and technology. Introduction to computer hardware, software applications, and procedures. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 1341 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Computer Applications I or equivalent.
Course Description: Continued study of current computer terminology and technology. Advanced skill development in computer hardware, software applications, and procedures. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Computer Applications II
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Computer Applications I or equivalent.
Course Description: Continued study of current computer terminology and technology. Advanced skill development in computer hardware, software applications, and procedures. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 1349 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Basic Computer Skills.
Course Description: Skill development in concepts, procedures, and application of spreadsheets for business. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Spreadsheets
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Basic Computer Skills.
Course Description: Skill development in concepts, procedures, and application of spreadsheets for business. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 1441 (4 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC
Prerequisite Recommended: POFI 1301
Course Description: Continued study of current computer terminology and technology. Advanced skill development in computer hardware, software applications, and procedures. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (3 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC
Course Title: Computer Applications II
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: POFI 1301
Course Description: Continued study of current computer terminology and technology. Advanced skill development in computer hardware, software applications, and procedures. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (3 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 2301 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Basic Keyboarding Skills.
Course Description: Word processing software focusing on business applications. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Word Processing
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Basic Keyboarding Skills.
Course Description: Word processing software focusing on business applications. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 2331 (3 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Keyboarding Skills.
Course Description: In-depth coverage of desktop publishing terminology, text editing, and use of design principles. Emphasis on layout techniques, graphics, multiple page displays, and business applications. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Desktop Publishing
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Keyboarding Skills.
Course Description: In-depth coverage of desktop publishing terminology, text editing, and use of design principles. Emphasis on layout techniques, graphics, multiple page displays, and business applications. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 2340 (3 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, NLC
Prerequisite Recommended: POFI 2301.
Course Description: Advanced word processing techniques using merging, macros, graphics, and desktop publishing. Includes extensive formatting for technical documents. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, NLC
Course Title: Advanced Word Processing
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: POFI 2301.
Course Description: Advanced word processing techniques using merging, macros, graphics, and desktop publishing. Includes extensive formatting for technical documents. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 2440 (4 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, MVC, NLC
Prerequisite Recommended: POFI 2301.
Course Description: Advanced word processing techniques using merging, macros, graphics, and desktop publishing. Includes extensive formatting for technical documents. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (3 Lec., 4 Lab.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, MVC, NLC
Course Title: Advanced Word Processing
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: POFI 2301.
Course Description: Advanced word processing techniques using merging, macros, graphics, and desktop publishing. Includes extensive formatting for technical documents. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (3 Lec., 4 Lab.)
Course Number: POFI 2450 (4 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Basic Computer Skills.
Course Description: In-depth instruction of database theory and the practical applications of a database. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (3 Lec., 4 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, RLC
Course Title: Databases
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Basic Computer Skills.
Course Description: In-depth instruction of database theory and the practical applications of a database. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (3 Lec., 4 Lab.)
Course Number: POFM 1191 (1 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Description: The simulation provides the students with the opportunity to analyze situations unique to a medical office setting, make decisions related to those situations, as well as experience the daily duties and responsibilities associated with an entry-level medical front office position. The simulation requires students to perform a series of tasks using Medisoft, a practice management software. Each task is an application of the knowledge required in the medical office. Topics include patient records, patient transactions, appointments, and reports. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lab.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Title: Special Topics in Medical Administrative/Executive Assistant and Medical Secretary
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: The simulation provides the students with the opportunity to analyze situations unique to a medical office setting, make decisions related to those situations, as well as experience the daily duties and responsibilities associated with an entry-level medical front office position. The simulation requires students to perform a series of tasks using Medisoft, a practice management software. Each task is an application of the knowledge required in the medical office. Topics include patient records, patient transactions, appointments, and reports. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFM 1280 (2 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Description: Career-related activities encountered in the student's area of specialization offered through an individualized agreement among the college, employer, and student. Under the supervision of the college and the employer, the student combines classroom learning with work experience. Includes a lecture component. (1 Lec., 10 Ext.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Title: Cooperative Education-Medical Administrative/ Executive Assistant and Medical Secretary
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Career-related activities encountered in the student's area of specialization offered through an individualized agreement among the college, employer, and student. Under the supervision of the college and the employer, the student combines classroom learning with work experience. Includes a lecture component. (1 Lec., 10 Ext.)
Course Number: POFM 1300 (3 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Prerequisite Recommended: MDCA 1313.
Course Description: Presentation and application of basic coding rules, principles, guidelines, and conventions utilizing various coding systems. (3 Lec.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Title: Basic Medical Coding
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: MDCA 1313.
Course Description: Presentation and application of basic coding rules, principles, guidelines, and conventions utilizing various coding systems. (3 Lec.)
Course Number: POFM 1302 (3 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, ECC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Basic keyboarding and computer skills.
Course Description: Medical software applications for the management and operation of health care information systems. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC, ECC, RLC
Course Title: Medical Software Applications
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Basic keyboarding and computer skills.
Course Description: Medical software applications for the management and operation of health care information systems. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFM 1317 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, RLC
Course Description: Instruction in medical office procedures including appointment scheduling, medical records creation and maintenance, telephone communications, coding, billing, collecting, and third party reimbursement. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, RLC
Course Title: Medical Administrative Support
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Instruction in medical office procedures including appointment scheduling, medical records creation and maintenance, telephone communications, coding, billing, collecting, and third party reimbursement. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFM 1327 (3 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Description: Survey of medical insurance including the life cycle of various claim forms, terminology, litigation, patient relations, and ethical issues. (3 Lec.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Title: Medical Insurance
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Survey of medical insurance including the life cycle of various claim forms, terminology, litigation, patient relations, and ethical issues. (3 Lec.)
Course Number: POFM 2333 (3 Credit Hours)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Description: Create, format and produce publishable documents in a health care setting. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
This course is not currently offered by Eastfield College.
Offered at BHC
Course Title: Medical Document Production
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Create, format and produce publishable documents in a health care setting. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1127 (1 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: Skill development in keyboarding techniques. Emphasis on the development of speed and accuracy. (2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Introduction to Keyboarding
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Skill development in keyboarding techniques. Emphasis on the development of speed and accuracy. (2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1301 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: Introduction to a practical application of basic language usage skills with emphasis on fundamentals of writing and editing for business. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Business English
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Introduction to a practical application of basic language usage skills with emphasis on fundamentals of writing and editing for business. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1309 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Basic keyboarding skills.
Course Description: Study of current office procedures, duties, and responsibilities applicable to an office environment. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Administrative Office Procedures I
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Basic keyboarding skills.
Course Description: Study of current office procedures, duties, and responsibilities applicable to an office environment. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1319 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: Introduction to basic records information management filing systems including manual and electronic filing. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Records and Information Management I
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Introduction to basic records information management filing systems including manual and electronic filing. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1321 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: Fundamentals of business mathematics including analytical and critical thinking skills. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Business Math
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Fundamentals of business mathematics including analytical and critical thinking skills. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1325 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: POFI 1301.
Course Description: Skill development in business math problem-solving using technology. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Business Math Using Technology
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: POFI 1301.
Course Description: Skill development in business math problem-solving using technology. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1328 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Basic Computer Skills.
Course Description: Skill development in planning and conducting business presentations including communication and media skills. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Business Presentations
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Basic Computer Skills.
Course Description: Skill development in planning and conducting business presentations including communication and media skills. This course may be repeated if topics and learning outcomes vary. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1329 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: Skill development keyboarding techniques. Emphasis on development of acceptable speed and accuracy levels and formatting basic documents. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Beginning Keyboarding
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Skill development keyboarding techniques. Emphasis on development of acceptable speed and accuracy levels and formatting basic documents. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1349 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC
Prerequisite Recommended: POFT 1309.
Course Description: In-depth coverage of office procedures with emphasis on decision-making, goal setting, management theories, and critical thinking. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC
Course Title: Administrative Office Procedures II
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: POFT 1309.
Course Description: In-depth coverage of office procedures with emphasis on decision-making, goal setting, management theories, and critical thinking. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 1380 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Description: Career-related activities encountered in the student's area of specialization offered through an individualized agreement among the college, employer, and student. Under the supervision of the college and the employer, the student combines classroom learning with work experience. Includes a lecture component. (1 Lec., 20 Ext.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Cooperative Education-Administrative Assistant and Secretarial Science, General
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Career-related activities encountered in the student's area of specialization offered through an individualized agreement among the college, employer, and student. Under the supervision of the college and the employer, the student combines classroom learning with work experience. Includes a lecture component. (1 Lec., 20 Ext.)
Course Number: POFT 1382 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, RLC
Course Description: Career-related activities encountered in the student's area of specialization offered through an individualized agreement among the college, employer, and student. Under the supervision of the college and the employer, the student combines classroom learning with work experience. Includes a lecture component. (1 Lec. 15 Ext.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, RLC
Course Title: Cooperative Education - General Office Occupations and Clerical Services
This is a WECM Course Number.Course Description: Career-related activities encountered in the student's area of specialization offered through an individualized agreement among the college, employer, and student. Under the supervision of the college and the employer, the student combines classroom learning with work experience. Includes a lecture component. (1 Lec. 15 Ext.)
Course Number: POFT 2301 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: POFT 1329 or instructor approval.
Course Description: A continuation of keyboarding skills emphasizing acceptable speed and accuracy levels and formatting documents. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, EFC, ECC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Intermediate Keyboarding
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: POFT 1329 or instructor approval.
Course Description: A continuation of keyboarding skills emphasizing acceptable speed and accuracy levels and formatting documents. (2 Lec., 3 Lab.)
Course Number: POFT 2312 (3 Credit Hours)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Prerequisite Recommended: Business English.
Course Description: Development of writing and presentation skills to produce effective business communications. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
Offered at BHC, CVC, EFC, ECC, MVC, NLC, RLC
Course Title: Business Correspondence and Communication
This is a WECM Course Number.Prerequisite Recommended: Business English.
Course Description: Development of writing and presentation skills to produce effective business communications. (2 Lec., 2 Lab.)
ACGM (Lower-Division Academic Course Guide Manual) Courses
WECM (Workforce Education Course Manual) Courses
Designated by the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board for general academic transfer among community, state, and technical colleges in Texas; and state public four-year colleges and universities as freshman and sophomore general education courses.
WECM (Workforce Education Course Manual) Courses
Designated by the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board as workforce education (technical) courses offered for credit and CEUs (Continuing Education Units). While these courses are designed to transfer among state community colleges, they are not designed to automatically transfer to public four-year colleges and universities.